junit测试时，出现java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext-白红宇

junit测试时，出现java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

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发布时间：2019-06-28

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课程设计要求进行junit测试，我是在已经做好的ssh项目上做的测试，测试类代码如下

package com.zhang.web.services;import static org.junit.Assert.*;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import javax.annotation.Resource;  import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  @ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:spring-beans.xml")  public class UserDAOTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{@Resource(name="userDAO") private UserDAO userDAO;public void setUserDAO(UserDAO userDAO) {this.userDAO = userDAO;}@Beforepublic void setUp() throws Exception {}@Afterpublic void tearDown() throws Exception {}@Testpublic void testFindUser() {assertEquals(userDAO.findUser(0),null);}}

运行测试时，出现如下错误

SEVERE: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@a15856] to prepare test instance [com.zhang.web.services.UserDAOTest@aea288]java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContextat org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [spring-beans.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [spring-beans.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist

解决办法是，把spring-beans.xml配置文件复制到src目录下。

问题原因：本人一直认为eclipse的classpath包括web-inf目录，其实不然。我们可以打开web项目下的.classpath文件，其内容如下